http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/ Recent content in 科研 · 材料 · 膜技术 on Varden Hugo zh-CN Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/ Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E4%B8%8E%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/ <h2 id="膜科学与技术基础">膜科学与技术基础</h2> <hr> <h3 id="1概述">1.概述</h3> <h4 id="1膜历史">1.膜历史</h4> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>时间</th> <th>技术</th> <th>工业化时间</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>1748年</td> <td>蒸汽透过（气体分离雏形）</td> <td>1980–1990年代</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1861年</td> <td>超滤（UF）</td> <td>1970年代</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1960年代</td> <td>反渗透（RO）</td> <td>1960年代</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <hr> <h4 id="2膜分类">2.膜分类</h4> <h5 id="按材料分类">按材料分类</h5> <p>1.天然膜<br> 天然膜来源于自然物质，具有生物相容性但稳定性较差。</p> http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/ Mon, 08 Sep 2025 00:00:00 +0000 http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/ <p>2025‎01‎0‎5<br> 目录</p> <h2 id="第1章导言">第1章导言</h2> <p>膜科学研究的基本流程<br> 1.<strong>材料</strong></p> <ul> <li>MOFs，COFs<br> 2.<strong>制膜</strong><br> 3.<strong>表征</strong><br> 4.<strong>应用</strong></li> </ul> <p>膜一般很薄，厚度从几纳米、几微米至几百微米之间，而长度和宽度要以米来计量。<br> <img class="lazyload" src="http://localhost:1313/svg/loading.min.svg" data-src="http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250906.png" data-srcset="http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250906.png, http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250906.png 1.5x, http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250906.png 2x" data-sizes="auto" alt="/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250906.png" title="/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250906.png" width="1419" height="842" /><br> <strong>渗透</strong>：水（溶剂）过去。<br> <strong>透析</strong>：小分子溶质过去。<br> <strong>渗析</strong>：旧词，常混用，现在多被“透析/渗透”取代。<br> <img class="lazyload" src="http://localhost:1313/svg/loading.min.svg" data-src="http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250907.png" data-srcset="http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250907.png, http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250907.png 1.5x, http://localhost:1313/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250907.png 2x" data-sizes="auto" alt="/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250907.png" title="/follows/reading/%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94-%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99-%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF/%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C/_assets/%E3%80%8A%E8%86%9C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C%E3%80%8B-20250907.png" width="693" height="650" /></p>